Srinagar, Dec 16: Cardiologists in Kashmir have expressed concern over a rise in heart attacks and strokes during the harsh winter months, warning that extreme cold significantly strains the cardiovascular system. They said the number of cardiac emergencies almost doubles in winter compared to warmer seasons.
Cardiologist Dr Mohammad Ashraf Khan said prolonged exposure to low temperatures leads to constriction of blood vessels—a condition known as vasoconstriction—which sharply increases the heart’s workload.
“During winter in Kashmir, we observe more than a twofold rise in cases of heart attacks and strokes,” he said. “Cold weather narrows blood vessels, causing blood pressure to rise. This forces the heart to pump harder, which can trigger life-threatening cardiac events, particularly in people with underlying heart disease.”
Dr Ashraf explained that cold conditions also increase blood viscosity, making it thicker and more prone to clot formation, thereby elevating the risk of heart attacks and strokes. “Patients with diabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol, and smokers are especially vulnerable. Winter further aggravates their health risks,” he added.
Dr Khan further highlighted seasonal lifestyle changes that contribute to the problem. “During winter, people consume excessive tea, sugary drinks, and calorie-dense foods to stay warm. This often leads to poor sugar control and weight gain, both of which are major risk factors for heart disease,” he said.
Another worrying trend, he noted, is the misinterpretation of early symptoms. “Initial signs of a heart attack are frequently mistaken for chest infections, acidity, or muscle pain. This delay in correct diagnosis and treatment can prove fatal,” he cautioned.
Dr Zahoor Bhat, another cardiologist, called for adopting preventive measures during the cold season. He advised people to keep themselves adequately warm by wearing layered clothing, including woollen caps, gloves, and scarves, and to ensure proper heating inside homes.
“Outdoor activity should be restricted during extreme cold spells,” Dr Bhar said. “People should opt for light indoor exercises and strictly avoid sudden strenuous activities, which can abruptly overload the heart.”
He emphasised the importance of maintaining a heart-healthy diet. “Winter is not an excuse to abandon healthy eating. A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, and lean proteins is crucial. Intake of salt, sugar, and saturated fats must be limited to control blood pressure and cholesterol,” he advised.
Doctors stressed that hydration remains vital even in cold weather. They said people often drink less water in winter, leading to dehydration, which can thicken blood and increase clotting risk.
They urged the public to remain alert to warning signs of heart attacks—such as chest pain, shortness of breath, sweating, nausea, or pain radiating to the arms or jaw—and stroke symptoms, including facial drooping, arm weakness, difficulty speaking, or sudden loss of balance.
Timely medical intervention can save lives, the doctors emphasised, advising people not to ignore symptoms and to seek immediate care at the nearest health facility.
Doctors recommended wearing layered clothing and protecting the head, hands, and feet from cold exposure. They said regular check-ups are essential, especially for high-risk individuals.
Focus on fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins; reduce salt, sugar, and fried foods, and engage in light exercises like stretching, yoga, or walking indoors, they said, advising against heavy physical work, particularly in extreme cold.
The health experts further advised people to avoid smoking and excessive tea or coffee, saying these increase cardiac risk. “Drink adequate water despite reduced thirst in winter and do not dismiss chest discomfort, breathlessness, or sudden weakness; seek medical help immediately,” they said.
According to doctors, awareness, timely precautions, and early medical attention can significantly reduce winter-related cardiac deaths in the Valley—(KNO)
